Spin Trap Research

The effect of alpha-phenyl-N-t-butylnitrone on ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis in U937 cells. Lee JH, Park JW. Free Radic Res. 2005 Dec;39(12):1325-33.

Experimental treatment for focal hyperglycemic ischemic brain injury in the rat. Farrokhnia N, Roos MW, Terent A, et al. Exp Brain Res. 2005 Nov;167(2):310-4.

N-t-Butyl hydroxylamine regulates heat shock-induced apoptosis in U937 cells. Kim HJ, Shin SW, Oh CJ, et al. Redox Rep. 2005;10(6):287-93.

The use of N-t-butyl hydroxylamine for radioprotection in cultured cells and mice. Lee JH, Kim IS, Park JW. Carcinogenesis. 2004 Aug;25(8):1435-42.

Mechanism of protection from light-induced retinal degeneration by the synthetic antioxidant phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone. Tomita H, Kotake Y, Anderson RE. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Feb;46(2):427-34.

Acrylonitrile potentiates noise-induced hearing loss in rat. Fechter LD, Gearhart C , Shirwany NA. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2004 Mar;5(1):90-8.

The effects of PBN (phenyl-butyl-nitrone) on GLT-1 levels and on the extracellular levels of amino acids and energy metabolites in a model of iron-induced posttraumatic epilepsy.Samuelsson C, Kumlien E , et al. Epilepsy Res. 2003 Oct;56(2-3):165-73.

Gene-specific chromatin damage in human spermatozoa can be blocked by antioxidants that target mitochondria. Lamond S, Watkinson M, et al. Reprod Biomed Online. 2003 Oct-Nov;7(4):407-18.

Phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone down-regulates interleukin-1 beta-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-13 gene expression in human chondrocytes: suppression of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase and activating protein-1. Ahmed S, Rahman A, et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther . 2003 Jun;305(3):981-8.

Neuroprotective effects of nitrone radical scavenger S-PBN on reperfusion nerve injury in rats. Gray C, Nukada H, et al. Brain Res. 2003 Aug 29;982(2):179-85.

Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the reactive oxygen scavenger alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. Trudeau-Lame ME, Kalgutkar AS, LaFontaine M. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Feb;31(2):147-52.

Windows of therapeutic opportunity on fetal growth retardation induced by transient intrauterine ischemia in rats. Nakai A, Taniuchi Y, et al. J Nippon Med Sch. 2002 Dec;69(6):534-41.

Free radical scavengers can differentially modulate the genotoxicity of amsacrine in normal and cancer cells. Blasiak J, Gloc E , et al.Mutat Res. 2003 Feb 5;535(1):25-34.

Methylmercury-induced reactive oxygen species formation in neonatal cerebral astrocytic cultures is attenuated by antioxidants. Shanker G, Aschner M. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2003 Jan 31;110(1):85-91.

Antioxidant amplifies antibiotic protection in the cecal ligation and puncture model of microbial sepsis through interleukin-10 production. Kotake Y, Moore DR, et al. Shock. 2003 Mar;19(3):252-6.

Effects of phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone and its derivatives on the early phase of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats fed a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined diet. Nakae D, Kishida H, et al. Cancer Sci. 2003 Jan ;94(1):26-31.

Protective role of alpha-phenyl-N-t-butylnitrone against ionizing radiation in U937 cells and mice. Lee JH , Park JW. Cancer Res. 2003 Oct 15;63(20):6885-93.

Phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone down-regulates interleukin-1 beta-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-13 gene expression in human chondrocytes: suppression of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase and activating protein-1. Ahmed S, Rahman A, et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther . 2003 Jun;305(3):981-8. Epub 2003 Mar 06.

In vitro neuroprotection against oxidative stress by pre-treatment with a combination of dihydrolipoic acid and phenyl-butyl nitrones. Koenig ML, Meyerhoff JL. Neurotox Res. 2003;5(4):265-72.

Maternal treatment with alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone attenuates secondary mitochondrial dysfunction after transient intrauterine asphyxia in the fetal rat brain. Taniuchi Y, Nakai A, et al. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2003;55(3):145-50.

Scavenger capacity of follicular fluid, decidua and culture medium with regard to assisted reproduction: an in vitro study using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Torok A, Belagyi J, et al. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2003;55(3):178-82.

Nitrones as Neuroprotectants and Antiaging Drugs; Floyd, R.A , Henseley, K. et al. Ann of NY Acad Sci 959: 321-329 (2002)

Interleukin-10 Overexpression Mediates PBN protection from Endotoxemia; Kotake, Y., Sang, H et. al. Shock, Vol 17, No 3, 210-216 (2002)

Assessment of neuroprotective ability of a spin trap, alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone, against malonate-induced ischemic injury of rat brain by apparent water diffusion coefficient mapping.Asanuma T, Ishibashi H, et al. Neurosci Lett. 2002 Sep 6;329(3):281-4.

Oxidative biochemical markers; clues to understanding aging in long-lived species, Floyd, R.A.; West, M., et.al. Exp Geron 36, 619-640 (2001)

Unique In Vivo Applications of Spin Traps, Berliner, L.J., Khramtsov, V., et.al. Free Rad Biol & Med Vol 30 No 5, 489-499 (2001)

Spin Trapping Agent, PBN Reduces Nitric Oxide Production in the rat Brain During Experimental Meningitis; Endoh, H; Kato, N.; et.al. Free Rad Res Vol 35 583-591 (2001)

N-t-butyl hydroxylamine is an antioxidant that reverses age-related changes in mitochondria in vivo and in vitro, Atamna, H., Robinson C.; et.al. FASEB, Vol 15, 2196-2204 (2001)

N-t-butylhydroxylamine, A hydrolysis product of PBN is more potent in delaying senescence in human lung fibroblasts, Atamna, H. Paler-Martinez, A.; et.al. J Biol Chem vol275, No 10, 6741-6748 (2000)

Evidence for enhanced neuro-inflammatory processes in neurodegenerative diseases and the action of nitrones as potential therapeutics. Floyd, R.A., Hensley, K., Bing, G.J. Neural Trans [Suppl] 60: 387-414 (2000)

Inhibition of Cytokine-Mediated Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Rat Insulinoma Cells by PBN; Tabatabaie, T.; Graham , K.; et.al. Nitric Oxide Vol 4, 157-167 (2000)

Accumulation of Single-Strand Breaks is the Major Cause of Telomere Shortening in Human Fibroblasts; Von Zglinicki, T.; Pilger, R.; et.al. Free Rad Biol Med Vol 28 No 1, 64-74 (2000)

Expression of Cytokines and Activation of transcription Factors In Lipopolysaccharide-Administered rats and Their Inhibition by PBN Sang, H.; Wallis, G.; et.al. Arch Biochem & Biophys, Vol 363, No 2 341-348 (1999)

Increased Oxidative Stress Brought on by Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Neurodegenerative processes and the protective Role of Nitrone-Based Free Radical Traps; Floyd, R.A.; Henseley, K.; et.al. Life Sci vol 65, Nos 18/19, 1893-1899 (1999)

PBN Protects Against MDMA (XTC)-Induced Depletion of Serotonin in Rats; Yeh, S.Y.Synapse 31:169-177 (1999)

A Spin Trap, PBN Extends the Life Span of Mice; Saito, K; Yoshioka, H.; et.al.Biosci Biotech Biochem, 62 (4) 792-794 (1998)

Inhibition of NF-kB, iNOS mRNA, COX2 mRNA, and COX catalytic activity by PBN Kotake, Y.; Sang, H.; et.al. Biochim Biophys Acta 1448 77-84 (1998)

Mitochodrial Decay in Aging: Reversal through Supplementation of Acetyl-L-Carnitine and PBN Hagen, T.M. , Wehr, C.M., et.al. Ann NY Acad Sci 854: 214-223 (1998)

Nitrone-based Free-Radical traps as Neuroprotective Agents in Cerebral Ischaemia and Other Pathologies; Henseley, K.; Carney, J.M. et.al., Chap 13 in Neuroprotective Agents and Cerebral Ischaemia, Academic Press Ltd, (1997)

Free Radical Oxidation of Brain proteins in Accelerated Senescence and its Modulation by PBN Butterfield, D.A., Howard, B.; et.al. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA , 94, 674-678 (1997)

PBN Attenuates Excitotoxicity in Rat Striatum by Blocking Hydroxyl Radical Accumulation Lancelot, E.; Revaud, M.,et. al. Free Rad Biol Med Vol 23; No 7, 1031-1034 (1997)

Antioxidant Treatment with PBN improves the Cognitive Performance and Survival of Aging Rats Sack, C.A.; Socci, D.J.; et.al. Neurosci Lett 205, 181-184 (1996)

Effect of Spin-Trapping Compound PBN on Protein Oxidation and Life-Span Dubey, A.; Forster , M.J., et.al. Archives of Biochem & BioPhys, vol 324, No2 249-254 (1995). Nitrone spin traps release nitric oxide, reaction with reactive oxygen species: Possible mechanism of biological activity in Oxidative Stress and Aging Saito, K.; Cutler, R.G. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel/ Switzerland (1995)

PBN Attenuates Hydroxyl Radical Production During Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of Rat Brain: An EPR Study Sen, S.; Phyllis, J.W.; et.al., Free Rad Res Comms, Vol 19, No 4, 255-265 (1993)

The Free Radical Trapping Agent PBN Attenuates Cerebral Ischeamic Injury in Gerbils Clough-Helfman, C.; Phyllis, J.W., Free Rad Res Comms Vol 15, No 3, 177-186 (1991)

Reversal of Age-Related Increase in Brain Protein Oxidation, Decrease in Enzyme Activity, and Loss of temporal and Spatial Memory by Chronic Administration of the Spin-trapping Compound PBN Carney, J.M.; Starke-Reed, P.E. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA Vol 88, 3633-3636 (1991)

Protection from Cerebral Ischemic Injury in Gerbils with the spin trap agent PBN Clough-Helfman, Phyllis, J.W., Neurosci Letters, 116, 315-319 (1990)

Spin-trappers and Vitamin E Prolong Endurance to Muscle Fatigue in Mice Novelli, G.P.; Bracciotti, G.; Free Rad Biol & Med, vol 8, 9-13 (1990)
The spin-trap literature is extensive. We will continue to add more articles. Please keep us posted on new publications and articles we have overlooked, so that we can build a comprehensive data base. Unpublished research and popular press references are also invited.